Authors - Jose Hernandez Cortaza, Arturo Corona Ferreira, Pablo Payro Campos Abstract - The research adopts a qualitative approach through a descriptive-explanatory case study, supported by source triangulation, integrating direct observation and expert judgment in the requirements engineering process, with the purpose of identifying critical points in the traditional digital document certification workflow at a Mexican public higher education institution. Based on this approach, a digital transformation model was designed alongside a system architecture aimed at guaranteeing the integrity, decentralization, and verifiability of digital documents, integrating Blockchain, IPFS, and smart contracts, which enabled a multilayer verification scheme. The results demonstrate that the proposed system allows multilayer verification, prevents document duplication, and strengthens transparency and trust in academic issuance and certification processes. In terms of performance, the system presents an estimated Gas per transaction of 327,423, with an average processing time of 17.94ms, during which the entire document issuance and certification process is fully executed. The main contribution of this work is the proposal of a replicable digital transformation model that combines emerging technologies (Blockchain, IPFS, and smart contracts) with a qualitative organizational analysis, providing a practical framework for the secure management of academic documents in public higher education institutions, significantly contributing to the improvement of document management. This model can be adopted and adapted by institutions seeking to strengthen the integrity and interoperability of digital issuance and certification processes.
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