Authors - Israel Herrera-Miranda, Miguel Apolonio Herrera-Miranda, Juan Villagomez-Mendez, Silvia Lizbeth Herrera-Lopez Abstract - This paper analyzes the characterization and adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and GenAI (GAI) within the framework of digital governance and higher education policies in México. Framed around the early years of President Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo's administration (2024–2030), the study evaluates how emerging regulatory instruments and administrative agencies—specifically the newly enacted Telecommunications and Broadcasting Law (2025) and the Agency for Digital Transformation and Telecommunications (ADTT)—act as institutional backbones to reduce technological gaps and preserve digital sovereignty. Methodologically, this study relies on a documentary and reflective analysis, utilizing empirical indicators from the OECD Digital Government Index (DGI) and the results of México's 2025 National Survey on GAI in Higher Education. The findings indicate that while México exhibits a strong performance in digital-by-design policy frameworks, structural challenges persist regarding proactive public sector AI integration. Concurrently, higher education data reveals an accelerated, mass adoption of GAI by over 60% of students and faculty, transforming traditional pedagogical paradigms. In response, the Ministry of Public Education (SEP) has advanced a ten-point strategy targeting digital literacy, curricular overhauls, and ethical boundaries. Ultimately, this paper underscores that bridging the digital divide requires co-aligning public innovation frameworks with human-centric, ethically-governed higher education policies to foster national technological autonomy and sustainable socioeconomic development.
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